How is humour created in Roger McGoughs Essay Example For Students

How is humour created in Roger McGoughs Essay The intended audience of this poem is teachers in general, as this is the audience it would be most humorous to. The effect on the audience is rather strong, as they understand the situation and instead of sympathising with the students, laugh along with the teacher who is punishing them. It tells them that teachers can only take over control if violence is used as a punishment. The poem Schoolroom on a Wet Afternoon is all about the attitudes of children and how violence, guns and blades in society today will take over their innocence. This is represented through the rain, the Wet Afternoon as the rain isnt just rain, it suggests that the sky is crying because it is known that they will become vicious and violent. The tone of this poem is extremely dull and boring. It uses long, descriptive, analytical sentences, within three rather large stanzas and has no real pattern in its structure. It contains no rhyming pattern, and uses much taboo language, which is language that isnt spoken today, words that are politically incorrect, such as Negroes. However, this boring and dull tone reflects the mood that is present in that particular schoolroom on a Wet Afternoon. Whereas the Lesson, has a rhyming scheme, ABCB and uses stanzas that only consist of four lines each, which creates a regular tone. The tone is quite uplifting and jolly in this poem from the teachers point of view. This is not present in The Schoolroom on a Wet Afternoon, there is no sign of a jolly or happy tone. Also, in The Lesson, it uses a sarcastic tone, which again the other poem doesnt have. Overall, the tones of these poems are generally different, however still holds a serious issue between the attitudes of students, teachers and the link within society today. For example in The Schoolroom on a Wet Afternoon talks about how society can change innocent children into violent people. BY JASPREET MANN JASPREET MANN Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our University Degree Teaching section.

History of the Intelligence Community

The injustice of Frankensteins actions Essays

The injustice of Frankensteins actions Essays The injustice of Frankensteins actions Paper The injustice of Frankensteins actions Paper Contained in the novel, Frankenstein, by Mary Shelly, is the twisted substance of greed, the character Victor Frankenstein portrays the element of control. Felling the need for this he builds an entirely new breed of creature, without thinking much for the consequences. During the time in which this novel was written, there was a great surge in the realms of science. Many new discoveries were made and scientists were taking more and more dangerous risks in the hope of opening the door on the unknown. In my view, Shelly had written this novel as more of a warning than a story. I believe that she was trying to impose responsibility upon the scientists for what it was they were meddling with and also to try and persuade them to think before they act. Shelly demonstrates these emotions through two characters, Frankenstein and the creation. Each character gets the opportunity to express their feelings and tell their stories in the novel. The first character that has the opportunity to tell their story is Frankenstein, in chapter 5. Shelly sets the scene with close attention to the weather, It was on a dreary night of November here Shelly is using pathetic fallacy to reflect the mood. The same is evident in chapter 11, when the creature is telling his story, It was dark when I awoke; I felt cold also These descriptions of the weather and the environment around them reflect their moods. Frankenstein feels worn down and tired as is reflected by Shellys use of the word dreary. The creature on the other hand feels cold and alone as reflected by dark and cold. This contrast shows us a big difference in their relationship. Frankenstein remembers the night as being tiring and an effort, the creature however feels a child-like sense of isolation, as if he was without love or companion, this is adverse to practical thought, one would normally perceive that Frankenstein would adore and love his creation after all the effort and hard work he had gone through to create him. Frankenstein spends much of chapter 5 talking about himself and only himself, I rushed out of the room, I had desired it, I had finished and I had created. The vast majority of his story begins each sentence with the personal pronoun, I. This gives us the impression that he is very self obsessed and does not give much thought to other events happening around him, in particular the creature. He describes the creature, How can I describe my emotions at this catastrophe but he never gives any thought to mortality or the aesthetics of the creature or the responsibility it will impose upon him. It is as if he feels the creature will owe him a life time of gratitude and service and that the creature will be his possession to command, this relates back to Frankensteins craving for power. This is much the contrary to the creatures account; he spends the bulk of chapter 11 describing his surroundings and what is going on around him. I gazed with a kind of wonder despite he still uses the pronoun, I in this quotation, he is describing the world around him and is not describing himself. It is also filling the creature with joy, much unlike the when Frankenstein describes the creature, His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath. One obvious similarity between the two chapters is that both characters are aiming to persuade and both use persuasive language as much as possible. Frankenstein uses it to justify his actions, Oh! No mortal could support the horror of that countenance whereas the creature uses it to provoke sympathy, poor, helpless, miserable wretch and I sat down and wept.

See instructions below in description Case Study

See instructions below in description - Case Study Example This translates to 75 cents as the per unit variable goods leading to profits of per pack profit of $ 5.50. Despite the high fixed costs the alternative is anticipated to sell the product to increase both market share and improved sales. In addition to this, the firm considers to use coupons and free gifts to promote the cigarette in order to achieve the price cut decision. However, decision is not the best since it is prone to unlikelihood of meeting the targeted price in the market. Variable costs in production may be a challenge in attaining price cuts. It may even make the firm operate at a loss (Nagle, Hogan & Zale, 2014). Philip Morris may consider rebranding its Marlboro cigarettes and market it as a new brand. This may involve changing the brand name, design, flavor and other attributes of the cigarettes to bring a differentiated appeal to the customers and competitors. Changes in the logo, name and flavors of the cigarettes are the key attributes that the firm ought to consider. In addition, its packaging may integrate a colorful wrappings and packets that bring a more attracting appeal to the users. Different flavors may be used to lure different customers to different flavors of choice. On another hand, the firm may consider rebranding its corporate name to shed its name against its rival firms. Price cuts are effective in attracting more users of a commodity. It is a marketing strategy that offers a better chance to a firm that is operating under a large scale. Reducing its prices as compared to its competitors enables the firm selling more and reaching a bigger number of its compelling customers (Clow & Baack, 2012). In such a case, the firm benefits from economies of scale and long-run profits. This technique may be disadvantageous to competing firms as they may be locked out of the market. In addition, it may induce monopoly in an industry that may be not beneficial to

Business Strategy & Strategic Management Assignment

Business Strategy & Strategic Management - Assignment Example The Blue Ocean’s strategic concept is seen to attempt to essentially represent all the various potential markets that are seen to as yet not exist and must therefore be created. The blue Ocean Strategy was first proposed by INSEAD’s professors Kim and Mauborgne in the year 2005 (Uden, et al. 2013).As proposed by Kim and Mauborgne, the Blue Ocean Strategy fundamentally suggests that companies should attempt to create new demand across various uncontested market spaces with the sole objective of attempting to avoid competition. In line with the Blue Ocean Strategy, companies are required to ensure that they break down the traditional wall used in product definition, carefully rethink and re-strategize on exactly how their service or product will eventually be positioned in the market and eventually develop a series of new products as a result of their endeavors to ensure that they always attempt to think outside the box (Wong, 2010). According to Todd and Bessant (2011), as a result of the blue ocean strategic concept, it is normal for new markets to be created due to the challenging of the various boundaries that are seen to exist between different markets and industries, however, there at times happens to be whole new industries created as exemplified by those that in recent years have been seen to have been spawned by the internet. As such, it is evidently clear that both new entrants and incumbents play a crucial role in the formation of these new markets (Tidd and Bessant, 2011). Professor’s Kim and Mauborgne distinguish the Blue Ocean Strategies by attempting to try and compare them to the more traditional form of thinking which are seen to constitute of the Red Ocean Strategies (Ziesak, 2009). As opposed to the Red Ocean strategy of developing new products that compete in the currently existing market space, companies should ensure that they develop new products that have been positioned in uncontested market spaces which is in line wi th the Blue Ocean strategy. The Blue Ocean strategy also aims to try and make the competition irrelevant as opposed to attempting to beat this same competition as is commonly seen in a Red Ocean strategy (Siegemund, 2008). While the Red Ocean strategy attempt to try and fight for a share of the existing customers and market segment, the Blue Ocean strategy as proposed by Professors Kim and Mauborgn

Acute Myocardial Infarction and Periodontal Disease

Acute Myocardial Infarction and Periodontal Disease Research Findings The study examined the association between acute myocardial infarction and periodontal diseases using cross sectional design. The analysis was carried out using the SPSS/PC Windows version 21.0 software package (IBM, Inc.). The sample size taken for the study was 80 (Cases=40, Control=40). The bivariate association between the studied variables, acute MI and periodontitis (dichotomized) was analyzed with the appropriate test. A significance level of p≠¤0.05 was considered significant and the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Further, conditional logistic regression analysis/cox regression analysis (1:1 matched pairs) was used to assess the independent contribution of periodontal diseases to the risk of acute myocardial infarction and also to find the relationship between AMI and other possible explanatory variables. The risk factors such as tobacco habit, smoking, dietary habits, family history of diabetes, were forced into the model. The following secti on presents the results. Descriptive Statistics and Preliminary Analyses Association between acute myocardial infarction and study variables. The table below presents the association between Acute Myocardial Infarction and study variables. The results showed that odds of outcome (AMI) were significantly higher in subjects with periodontitis, smoking habits, hypertension and mixed dietary habits. Out of the total 80 patients, the majority of the periodontitis patients (82.5%) were present within the case group (AMI patients) (p=0.026). Similarly, the prevalence of smoking (52.5% vs. 27.5%, p=0.031) and hypertension (52.5% vs. 47.9%, p Table 6:  Association between Acute Myocardial Infarction and study variables *p Association between periodontitis and study variables. The table below presents the association between Periodontitis and study variables. The results showed that odds of outcome (periodontitis) were significantly higher in subjects with smoking habits, hypertension and alcohol drinking (p Table 7:  Association between Periodontitis and study variables Conditional Logistic Regression Analysis Using Cox Proportional Hazard Model Following the preliminary analysis’ cox regression analyses were used to assess the independent contribution of periodontal diseases to the risk of acute myocardial infarction and also to find the relationship between an AMI event and possible explanatory variables. To control the effects of multiple potential confounders, multivariate model were also fitted by modeling periodontitis as a time varying covariant in a model. Cox proportional hazard analysis allowed the researcher to include the predictor variables (covariates) one by one into the subsequent models. This provided estimated coefficients for each of the covariates and allowed the researcher to assess the impact of multiple covariates in the same model. We can also use Cox regression to examine the effect of continuous covariates such as BMI. The following recoding was done to examine the association between AMI and periodontitis. Socio economic status=0 (Reference category): Lower; 1=Upper Lower; 2=Lower middle; 3=Upper middle; 4=Upper: Family history=0 (Reference category): No; 1=Yes; Exercise=0 (Reference category): Yes; 1=No ; Hyper tension=0 (Reference category): No; 1=Yes: Diabetes=0 (Reference category): No; 1=Yes: Dietary habit=0 (Reference category): Vegetarian; 1=Mixed: Smoking habit=0 (Reference category): Non-smoker; 1= Former smoker; 2=Smoker: Smokeless tobacco habit=0 (Reference category): Non-users; 1= Former user; 2=Current u ser: Alcohol drinking=0 (Reference category): Non-drinker; 1= Current drinker; 2=Irregular abstainer: Marital status=0 (Reference category): Unmarried; 1= Married; 2=Divorced. The conditional logistic regression estimates the odds ratio, and an exact 95% confidence interval. Table 3, below presents the association between AMI and Periodontitis using Cox regression. Table 8:  Cox Regression Dependent variable: Acute Myocardial Infarction Conditional logistic regression analysis outcomes indicated the presence of a significant association between AMI and periodontitis (Beta=1.358, p= .039 In all the stages, for regular exercise the beta value is negative which means it is a protective factor or is inversely related as acute myocardial events, however this association is not statistically significant to report. Statistical Analysis of Other Clinical Parameters (DMFT, CPI and LOA Scores) Test for normality. To test the assumption of normality, the study used the Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilks test. From this test, the Sig. (p) value was compared to the priori alpha level (level of significance for the statistic) – and a determination was made as to reject (p ÃŽ ±) the null hypothesis. The Table 1 below shows that where ÃŽ ± = 0.001, given that p Table 9:  Test for Normality Test for homogeneity of variance (equality of variances). Further, to test the assumption of homogeneity of variance, where the null hypothesis assumes no difference between the two group’s variances (H0: 2 ÏÆ' 1 = 2 ÏÆ' 2), a non-parametric Levene’s test for equality of variances is the most commonly used statistic to verify the equality of variances in the samples (homogeneity of variance) especially for non-normally distributed data. Therefore, Kruskal Wallis one-way analysis Leven’s test was applied. The Levene’s test uses the level of significance set a priori for the t test analysis (e.g., ÃŽ ± = .05) to test the assumption of homogeneity of variance. However, in SPSS it’s challenging to execute Leven’s test for non-normally distributed data in one step. Hence steps were applied to create three new variables such as ranked data, group mean ranks and deviation from mean ranks. Finally, the differences were computed using ANOVA and the p value was found to be Table 10:  Test Statistics Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon W test : comparing medians. As the data is non-homogenous and non-normally distributed, Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon W tests were used to compare the median scores of DMFT, CPI and LOA scores, and also to check the significance of differences. Null Hypothesis: Median score of DMFT, CPI and LOA is same for both case and control. Alternative hypothesis: Median score of DMFT, CPI and LOA differs between case and control. Table 11:  Test Statistics DMFT Score CPI Score LOA Score Mann-Whitney U 403.500 340.500 374.500 Wilcoxon W 1223.500 1160.500 1194

Julius Nyerere & African Socialism Essay

Socialism as quoted by Julius Nyerere as â€Å"the attitude of the mind† and often defined as a system of social organizations producing and distributing goods that are owned collectively or by a centralized government that often plans and controls the economy. In a socialistic society it is the attitude of mind, and not the rigid adherence to a standard political pattern, which is needed to ensure that the people care for each other’s welfare. In order to understand African socialism better we need to clearly understand how a society operates. In a socialist society the means of production are owned by the workers rather than by a rich minority of capitalists or functionaries. Such a system of ownership is both collective and individual in nature. Socialism will not be a utopia simply created in people’s minds. It will be the product of economic and social development. Now African socialism is a belief in sharing economic resources in the â€Å"traditional† African way. Many African politicians supported the â€Å"traditional† African way that is often referred as African Socialism. Julius K. Nyerere who was one of them who later became the President of Tanganyika (East Africa) in 1962 and was President of Tanzania (Tanganyika and Zanzibar) from 1964 to 1985. A Socialist and Pan-Africanist, was a force for moderation and racial harmony. He worked in close cooperation with the British authorities in his homeland. However, advocates of African socialism claimed that it was not the opposite of capitalism or a response to it, but something completely different. They claimed their socialism was merely recapturing the spirit of what it was to be African. Many believed that Africa was far behind capitalist states in terms of economic development and to compete fairly with them they needed a different appeal to unite them. German economist Werner Sombart in 1906, in his definition of American Capitalism stated, â€Å"America is the Canaan of capitalism, its promised land. † Capitalism is regarded as an economic system distinguished by private ownership of the means of production and the production of commodities for sale. The modern business corporation is an original creation of the American imagination. It was first fashioned to extend local markets, then, it became an indispensable means to create a national market. Both American industrialization and capitalism were crucially dependent upon the corporate form of organization. Thus arising a political process whereby economic power can become translated into governmental policy. American capitalists had almost a free hand in gaining control of a country unimaginably rich in natural resources. In straight-out contests of strength with both organized and unorganized workers American capitalists usually triumphed. The very philosophy of individualism facilitated the adoption of slavery in the American history. President, Nyerere had to steer a difficult course by the late 1960s Tanzania was one of the world’s poorest countries. Like many others it was suffering from a severe foreign debt burden, a decrease in foreign aid, and a fall in the price of commodities. The objective of socialism in the United Republic of Tanzania is to build a society in which all members have equal rights and equal opportunities, in which all can live in peace with their neighbors without suffering or imposing injustice, being exploited, or exploiting. The nature of Tanzanian society was on rural development. People were encouraged (sometimes forced) to live and work on a co-operative basis in organized villages or ujamaa (meaning ‘family hood’ in Kishwahili). It is important to realize that the policy of ujamaa Vijijini is not intended to be merely a revival of the old settlement schemes under another name. The Ujamaa village is a new conception; â€Å"Understanding that what we need to develop is people, not things, and that people can only develop themselves. † Ujamaa villages are intended to be socialist organizations created by the people, and governed by those who live and work in them. They cannot be created from outside, nor governed from outside. No one can be forced into an Ujamaa village, and no official at any level can go and tell the members of an Ujamaa village what they should do together, and what they should continue to do as individual farmers. According to Julius Kambarage Nyerere â€Å"I have said that a millionaire can be a good socialist. But a socialist millionaire is a rare phenomenon. Indeed he is almost a contradiction in terms. The appearance of millionaires in any society is no proof of its affluence; they can be produced by very poor countries like Tanganyika just as well as by rich countries like the United States of America. † He also goes on to say that a millionaire can be a socialist; he may value his wealth only because it can be used in the service of his fellow men. But the man who uses wealth for the purpose of dominating any of his fellows is a capitalist. On the other hand the white population of the U. S. A. descended from European immigrants who, most energetic and independent elements of their peoples, crossed the ocean to escape oppression, persecution and poverty. From the first settlements on the Eastern coast, with its commercial towns, they gradually expanded over the entire continent, exterminating in continuous fight the Indian natives, clearing the forests, subduing the wilderness, and converting it into cultivated land. American capital soon played the chief role in opening up the Western wilds by digging canals and building railways. Through its friends in Congress it was rewarded for this service to the nation with big allotments for exploitation, paying not more than the bribes, the form by which the politicians got their share of the profits. Founded on the principles of individual liberty and self-determination the nascent United States provided fertile ground for the seeds of Capitalism. Conditions such as slavery, explosive growth in the number of banks, America’s powerful drive to expand its territory, neutral trade during the war between Great Britain and France, and ultimately, the Industrial Revolution enabled American Capitalism to grow into a thriving jungle. Ayn Rand, a Russian-born, American novelist and philosopher says,† America’s abundance was created not by public sacrifices to the common good, but by the productive genius of free men who pursued their own personal interests and the making of their own private fortunes. â€Å"